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Data Management: Citing Data

This guide describes library services and resources to support data management at UNO.

Citing Data: Basics

Data Set

Basic form recommended by DataCite (disciplines and publishers may have specific citation formats):
Author/Rightsholder. (Year). Title of data set (Version number) [Description of form]. Location: Name of producer.
or
Author/Rightsholder. (Year). Title of data set (Version number) [Description of form]. Retrieved from http://

Example:
Pew Hispanic Center. (2008). 2007 Hispanic Healthcare Survey [Data file and code book]. Retrieved from http://pewhispanic.org/datasets/

Additional Examples

Data Set from a download site

Pew Hispanic Center. (2008). 2007 Hispanic Healthcare Survey [Data file and code book]. Available from Pew Hispanic Center Website: http://pewhispanic.org/datasets/

Note: Available from, rather than Retrieved from, indicates the URL takes you to a download site, rather than directly to the data file.

Unpublished Raw Data from study, untitled work

Basic form: 
Author, F. N. (Year). [Description of study topic]. Unpublished raw data.

Example:
Smith, J.A. (2006). [Personnel survey]. Unpublished raw data.

 Graphic Representation of Data

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2005). [Interactive map showing percentage of respondents reporting "no" to, During the past month, did you participate in any physical activities?]. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Retrieved from http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/gisbrfss/default.aspx

Machine-Readable Data Files

CBS News. 2009. CBS News Poll: Energy USCBS2009-02A Version 2 [MRDF]. New York: CBS News [producer]. Storrs, CT: The Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, University of Connecticut [distributor].

Dataset package: 

Sidlauskas B (2007) Data from: Testing for unequal rates of morphological diversification in the absence of a detailed phylogeny: a case study From characiform fishes. Dryad Digital Repository. doi:10.5061/dryad.20

Table from a publication:
Smith, J. (2008), Figure 1.2. Broadband Penetration in OECD Countries, in OECD Communications Outlook 2008, OECD Publishing doi: 10.1787/000530172303 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/000530172303.

Dataset from a publication: Irino, T; Tada, R (2009): Chemical and mineral compositions of sediments from ODP Site 127‐797. Geological Institute, University of Tokyo. http://dx.doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.726855 

Updated Dataset:
Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996, updated 2006. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data, March 2002–Sept. 2003. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. url: http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html (Accessed on 2008-05-14).

Survey Dataset: Barnes, Samuel H. Italian Mass Election Survey, 1968. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 1992-02-16. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR07953.v1 

Data Archive

ICPSR Data Archive

Duncan, Otis D., and Howard Schuman. Detroit Area Study, 1971: Social Problems and Social Change in Detroit [Computer file]. ICPSR07325-v2. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 1997. doi:10.3886/ICPSR07325

[Read the FAQ page, Why and How Should I Cite Data?, for additional information on citing ICPSR datasets.Manuscripts and dissertations based on ICPSR data should be submitted for inclusion in the ICPSR Bibliography of Data-Related Literature.]

Roper Center for Public Opinion Research Data Archive

Cable News Network & USA Today. Gallup/CNN/USA Today Poll: Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina [computer file]. 1st Roper Center for Public Opinion Research version. Lincoln, NE: Gallup Organization [producer], 2006. Storrs, CT: The Roper Center, University of Connecticut [distributor], 2006.

[Read the How to Cite Roper Center data page for additional information. Papers published based on Roper Center data may be submitted to the Bibliography of publications using data from the Roper Center.]

Dataverse Network

King, Gary; Zeng, Langche, 2007, "Replication data for: When Can History be Our Guide? The Pitfalls of Counterfactual Inference", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/EK886K, Harvard Dataverse, V4, UNF:3:DaYlT6QSX9r0D50ye+tXpA== [fileUNF]

[Read the Data Citation page at Dataverse for additional information.]